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Archibald Douglas, Regent of Scotland, 1333
Archibald Douglas (1290 -1333) - Scottish military leader during the struggle for Scottish independence.
Archibald Douglas was the younger brother of James Douglas, the commander and ally of King Robert I the Bruce of Scotland. In 1329 Robert the Bruce died, and by reason of infancy of the new King David II of Scotland in the state power was weakened. Took advantage of Edward Balliol, emigrant and pretender to the Scottish throne. With a small force he landed in Scotland, defeated the royal troops at the Battle of Dapplin Moore and was crowned at Scone. In 1332 in the invasion of Edward Balliol, regent of Scotland in juvenile King David II Bruce was elected Archibald Douglas. Leading supporters of the troops Bruce Archibald Balliol defeated the army at the Battle of Annan 17 December 1332 and ousted him from the country. Balliol appealed for help to the English King Edward III, promising help for this significant territorial concessions. In March 1333 the English army invaded Scotland and laid siege to the fortress and the port of Berwick. Came to the aid of the besieged city of troops Archibald Douglas were forced to attack the British up the hill, breaking the front of this quagmire. English archers were quickly dispersed the attacking troops of Scots and the English infantry counterattack they completed the rout. July 19, 1333 at the Battle of Halidon Hill, Archibald Douglas, a few Scottish graphs and 4,5 thousand soldiers were killed. David II, emigrated to France, and the government in Scotland before 1336 went to Edward Balliol.
Douglas helmet decorated with heraldic crest in the form of a gilded lion on a sky-blue hat, lined with ermine fur. Shield, Cloak (syurko) and Shoulders (Islet) bear emblem: the silver field a red heart in the azure chapter three silver stars. Personal standard is a turquoise cloth with white oblique cross, a lion and the motto, red heart.
